“ACBT”主动呼吸循环技术
<p><b>ACBT（active cycle of breathing techniques）</b>主动呼吸循环技术是一种被运用广泛、简单、灵活的排痰呼吸方案；</p><p>ACBT通过打开气道，使肺泡充分扩张，并增加气道内的空气震动来帮助患者痰液排出。存在支气管分泌物过量的绝大部分患者都可以通过ACBT技术排出痰液，或用此技术来辅助其它技术达到治疗康复效果；</p><p style="text-align: left;"><b>“主动呼吸循环技术”被推荐的理由</b></p><p style="text-align: center;"></p><p><b><br></b></p><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Fira Sans", "Droid Sans", "Helvetica Neue", "Microsoft Yahei", sans-serif;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;"><br></strong></div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Fira Sans", "Droid Sans", "Helvetica Neue", "Microsoft Yahei", sans-serif;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">视频演示：<br><br><br><div style="max-width:854px"><div style="position:relative;height:0;padding-bottom:56.25%"><iframe src="https://v.qq.com/txp/iframe/player.html?vid=e333024e3uu" width="854" height="480" style="position:absolute;left:0;top:0;width:100%;height:100%" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" allowfullscreen></iframe></div></div><br></strong></div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Fira Sans", "Droid Sans", "Helvetica Neue", "Microsoft Yahei", sans-serif;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">分步讲解</strong></div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Fira Sans", "Droid Sans", "Helvetica Neue", "Microsoft Yahei", sans-serif;">ACBT主要由下列三个部分组成，</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Fira Sans", "Droid Sans", "Helvetica Neue", "Microsoft Yahei", sans-serif;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">BC（breathing control）呼吸控制</strong>：轻柔的潮气量呼吸，放松肩部及上胸部</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Fira Sans", "Droid Sans", "Helvetica Neue", "Microsoft Yahei", sans-serif;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">TEE（thoracic expansion exercises）胸廓扩张运动</strong>：深慢吸气并保持数秒，可在呼气加入震动或者摇动</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Fira Sans", "Droid Sans", "Helvetica Neue", "Microsoft Yahei", sans-serif;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">FET（forced expiration technique）用力呵气</strong>：一到两个呵气，移动痰液时使用不同肺容积</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Fira Sans", "Droid Sans", "Helvetica Neue", "Microsoft Yahei", sans-serif;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">练习前请注意</strong>：</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Fira Sans", "Droid Sans", "Helvetica Neue", "Microsoft Yahei", sans-serif;">ACBT方案所有操作均采用<strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">鼻吸气</strong>，<strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">嘴呼气</strong>的方式，张口呼吸比较困难的患者，亦可采用缩唇吐气的方式（就如吹蜡烛或吹口哨的动作）</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Fira Sans", "Droid Sans", "Helvetica Neue", "Microsoft Yahei", sans-serif;"><br></div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Fira Sans", "Droid Sans", "Helvetica Neue", "Microsoft Yahei", sans-serif;"><br></div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="text-align: center; box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Fira Sans", "Droid Sans", "Helvetica Neue", "Microsoft Yahei", sans-serif;"></div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Fira Sans", "Droid Sans", "Helvetica Neue", "Microsoft Yahei", sans-serif;"><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="text-align: center; box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;">（鼻吸气，嘴呼气）</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">一、BC（呼吸控制）</strong></div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">主要作用：</strong>使紧张的呼吸肌放松下来，避免气道痉挛</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">操作要领：</strong>选择前倾的坐姿或半卧位，进行轻柔的潮气量呼吸。可以把手放在上腹部，感受呼吸动作；</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">操作方法：</strong>吸气（腹部鼓起）——呼气（腹部下降）。</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">重复次数：</strong>3-5次；</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"><br></div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;">（呼吸控制演示如图）</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">二、TEE（胸廓扩张运动）</strong></div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">主要作用：</strong>松动分泌物，增加胸廓活动度，改善呼吸肌力量</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">操作要领：</strong>选择前倾的坐姿，将手放在胸廓两侧引导吸气时尽量扩张胸廓，在操作过程中亦可增加摇动、震动等手法；</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">操作方法：</strong>用力深呼吸——感受整个胸廓扩张（可以在吸气完毕后屏气2-3秒减少肺组织的坍陷）——缓慢呼气。</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">重复次数：</strong>3-5次；</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"><br></div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="text-align: center; box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"></div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="text-align: center; box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;">（胸廓扩张运动演示如图）</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="text-align: center; box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;">（感受胸廓状态如图）</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">三、FET（用力呵气）</strong></div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">主要作用：</strong>移动分泌物，支撑塌陷的气道，增加有阻塞但未闭合气道的气流</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">操作要领：</strong>如同对着镜子呵气，呵气可以使气道受到挤压，同时产生振动，使高肺容积位的分泌物移动排出；</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">操作方法：</strong>短暂吸气——长而深的呵气（或长而深的吸气——快速呵气）</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">重复次数：</strong>3-5次；</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">tips：</strong>在操作过程中如果想要咳嗽，就直接咳嗽然后继续呵气操作。呵气需要用力，但不是剧烈动作；</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"><br></div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="text-align: center; box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"></div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="text-align: center; box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;">（用力呵气演示如图）</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">有效呵气与无效呵气的对比</strong></div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="text-align: center; box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;"></strong></div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;"><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="text-align: center; box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem; font-weight: 400;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;">ACBT可自由组合，灵活运用</strong></div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="text-align: center; box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem; font-weight: 400;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;"></strong></div><div style="text-align: center;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;"><br></strong></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br></div><div><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;"><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 20px; box-sizing: inherit; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem; font-weight: 400;">（演示方案：A）</div></strong></strong></div><div style="text-align: center;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;"></strong></div><div style="text-align: center;"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 18.768px; font-weight: 400;"><br></span></strong></div><div><strong style="box-sizing: inherit;"><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="text-align: center; box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem; font-weight: 400;">（演示方案：B）</div><div class="jsx-2558377382 text" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; word-break: break-all; line-height: 0.28rem; font-size: 0.17rem; font-weight: 400;">此方案可被灵活运用组合，可根据上述分步讲解操作进行主动呼吸循环。亦可以辅以叩击排痰、震动排痰、体位引流等操作达到更好的辅助治疗目的；</div></strong></div><div class="jsx-2558377382 margin20" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; text-align: start;"><div data-index="5" data-boss="pic&modular=content" class="jsx-2558377382 pic" style="box-sizing: inherit; position: relative; z-index: 1;"><div class="jsx-2558377382 responsive-image" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0px; position: relative; margin-right: auto; margin-left: auto; overflow: hidden; max-width: 641px;"></div></div></div></strong></div></div></div></div><p></p>摘自腾讯、知乎。
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